RHEL7.5下mysql 8.0.11安装教程

本文记录了RHEL7.5下mysql 8.0.11安装教程，具体内容如下

首先去mysql官网下载mysql-8.0.11-el7-x86_64.tar 解压。

由于mysql初始化、启动都需要用到mysql用户，所以创建一个mysql用户：

useradd -d /home/mysql -m -s /bin/bash mysql经过测试发现系统中装有mariadb相关的mysql启动的时候会报错，于是卸载和mariadb相关的包。

[root@rhel mysql]# yum remove mariadb*

Loaded plugins: axelget, fastestmirror, langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-

  : repos, subscription-manager

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.

Resolving Dependencies

–> Running transaction check

—> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 will be erased

–> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64

–> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64

–> Running transaction check

—> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7 will be erased

–> Finished Dependency Resolution

epel/x86_64/group_gz     | 266 kB 00:00

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================

Package  Arch  Version  Repository Size

================================================================================

Removing:

mariadb-libs  x86_64  1:5.5.56-2.el7  @base  4.4 M

Removing for dependencies:

postfix  x86_64  2:2.10.1-6.el7  @base  12 M

Transaction Summary

================================================================================

Remove 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)

Installed size: 17 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading packages:

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Erasing : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64    1/2

Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64    2/2

No metadata available for base

No metadata available for code

No metadata available for epel

No metadata available for extras

No metadata available for updates

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: mirrors.aliyun.com

* epel: mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com

* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com

epel/x86_64/primary_db     | 6.3 MB 00:01

Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64    1/2

Verifying : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64    2/2

Removed:

mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7      

Dependency Removed:

postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7      

Complete!

使用如下命令初始化数据库，会在把/var/lib/mysql作为data文件的目录：

shell> bin/mysqld –initialize –user=mysql于是我们可以在初始化的时候指定相应的文件目录：

bin/mysqld –initialize –basedir=/home/mysql –datadir=/home/mysql/data –user=mysql初始化的时候，会生成一个临时的密码，记住该密码，等登录到mysql的时候需要用这个密码，进去后再次修改密码。


启动mysql实例：

bin/mysqld –user=mysql

bin/mysqld_safe basedir=/home/mysql –datadir=/home/mysql/data –user=mysql如果不加 –user=mysql 就会出现如下的提示：

2022-04-22T15:47:25.471462Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010123] [Server] Fatal error: Please read “Security” section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!

2022-04-22T15:47:25.471514Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting造成mysql实例不能正常启动。

mysql启动后，使用root用户登录，使用刚刚随机生成的密码，进去后，通过如下命令修改root用户的密码，再做其他操作：

set password =’root’;RHEL7的服务systemctl脚本存放在：/usr/lib/systemd/，有系统（system）和用户（user）之分，像需要开机不登陆就能运行的程序，还是存在系统服务里吧，即：/usr/lib/systemd/system目录下

每一个服务以.service结尾，一般会分为3部分：[Unit]、[Service]和[Install]，现在把MYSQL添加进去，具体内容如下：

cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service

[Unit]

Description=mysql Server

After=Network.target

After=syslog.target

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Service]

User=mysql

Group=mysql

Type=forking

# Execute pre and post scripts as root

PermissionsStartOnly=true

# Start main service

ExecStart=/home/mysql/bin/mysqld –daemonize

ExecStop=kill -s -QUIT $MAINPID

Restart=on-failure

RestartPreventExitStatus=1

PrivateTmp=false

就可以通过systemctl来 启动，重启，关闭mysql服务。

精彩专题分享：

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