docker进阶教程之dockerfile优化镜像大小

目录

一、无优化构建镜像二、不需要输出的指令丢入/dev/null三、减少RUN构建四、多阶段构建五、使用更为轻量级的linux发行版本 总结

一、无优化构建镜像

1. mkdir /mnt/nginx
2.  
3. vim Dockerfile
4. FROM centos:7
5. RUN yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel devel zlib-devel make
6. ADD nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz /mnt/nginx
7. WORKDIR /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
8. #关闭debug日志
9. RUN sed -i ‘s/CFLAGS=”$CFLAGS -g”/#CFLAGS=”$CFLAGS -g”/g’ auto/cc/gcc 
10. RUN ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx 
11. RUN make
12. RUN make install
13. EXPOSE 80
14. VOLUME [“/usr/local/nginx/html”]
15. CMD [“/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx”,”-g”,”daemon off;”]  

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二、不需要输出的指令丢入/dev/null

1. FROM centos:7
2. RUN yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel devel zlib-devel make &> /dev/null && yum clean all
3. ADD nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz /mnt/nginx
4. WORKDIR /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
5. RUN sed -i ‘s/CFLAGS=”$CFLAGS -g”/#CFLAGS=”$CFLAGS -g”/g’ auto/cc/gcc
6. RUN ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx &> /dev/null
7. RUN make &> /dev/null
8. RUN make install &> /dev/null
9. RUN rm -rf /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
10. EXPOSE 80
11. VOLUME [“/usr/local/nginx/html”]
12. CMD [“/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx””-g”,”daemon off;”]

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三、减少RUN构建

1. FROM centos:7
2. ADD nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz /mnt/nginx
3. WORKDIR /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
4. RUN yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel devel zlib-devel make &> /dev/null && \
5.  yum clean all && \
6.  sed -i ‘s/CFLAGS=”$CFLAGS -g”/#CFLAGS=”$CFLAGS -g”/g’ auto/cc/gcc && \
7.  ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx &> /dev/null && \
8.  make &> /dev/null && make install &> /dev/null &&\
9.  rm -rf /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
10. EXPOSE 80
11. VOLUME [“/usr/local/nginx/html”]
12. CMD [“/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx”,”-g”,”daemon off;”]

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docker build -t nginx:v3 . 构建镜像

docker images查看镜像

四、多阶段构建

1. FROM centos:7 as build 
2. ADD nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz /mnt/nginx 
3. WORKDIR /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
4. RUN yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel devel zlib-devel make &> /dev/null && \
5. yum clean all &&\
6. sed -i ‘s/CFLAGS=”$CFLAGS -g”/#CFLAGS=”$CFLAGS -g”/g’ auto/cc/gcc && \
7. ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx &> /dev/null && \
8. make &>/dev/null && \
9. make install &>/dev/null && \
10. rm -rf /mnt/nginx/nginx-1.22.0
12. FROM centos:7
13. EXPOSE 80
14. VOLUME [“/usr/local/nginx/html”]
15. COPY –from=build /usr/local/nginx /usr/local/nginx
16. CMD [“/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx”,”-g”,”daemon off;”]

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1. docker build -t nginx:v4 . 构建镜像
2. docker images查看镜像

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五、使用更为轻量级的linux发行版本

debian

alpine

apt add

Sandbox

Busybox

1. #下载debian压缩包
2. wget http://download.openvz.org/template/precreated/debian-7.0-x86-minimal.tar.gz
3. docker import debian-7.0-x86-minimal.tar.gz — debian:v1 生成镜像
4. docker images 查看

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总结

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