CentOS配置本地yum源/阿里云yum源/163yuan源并配置yum源的优先级- Starterknow

一、用Centos镜像搭建本地yum源

由于安装centos后的默认yum源为centos的官方地址，所以在国内使用很慢甚至无法访问，所以一般的做法都是把默认的yum源替换成aliyun的yum源或者163等国内的yum源(下文介绍如何配置)。

但是以上的方法都是需要网络的，当没有网络的时候就无法使用了，所以还有一个常用的方法就是用Centos的iso镜像搭建本地yum源，这样安装软件的速度就会飞快，缺点是可能有些包没有。

1.安装Centos后默认的yum源如下

[root@kangvcar ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/

total 32

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 1664 Dec 9 2022 CentOS-Base.repo

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 1309 Dec 9 2022 CentOS-CR.repo

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 649 Dec 9 2022 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 290 Dec 9 2022 CentOS-fasttrack.repo

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 630 Dec 9 2022 CentOS-Media.repo

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 1331 Dec 9 2022 CentOS-Sources.repo

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 1952 Dec 9 2022 CentOS-Vault.repo2.把默认yum源备份(可选)

[root@kangvcar ~]# mkdir /opt/centos-yum.bak

[root@kangvcar ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /opt/centos-yum.bak/3.在虚拟机上挂载CentOS镜像文件

[root@kangvcar ~]# mount -t iso9660 /dev/sr0 /opt/centos

mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

4.编写repo文件并指向镜像的挂载目录

[root@kangvcar ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

[local]

name=local

baseurl=file:///opt/centos

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

5.清除缓存

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum clean all

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Cleaning repos: local

Cleaning up everything

Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum makecache //把yum源缓存到本地，加快软件的搜索好安装速度

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum list //列出了3780个包

二、把默认的CentOS yum源修改成国内的aliyun yum源

阿里云官方教程：http://mirrors.aliyun.com/help/centos

1.安装Centos后默认的yum源如下

[root@kangvcar ~]# mkdir /opt/centos-yum.bak

[root@kangvcar ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /opt/centos-yum.bak/

3.下载aliyun yum源repo文件(对应自己的系统版本下载即可)

#各系统版本repo文件对应的下载操作

CentOS 5

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-5.repo

CentOS 6

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo

CentOS 7

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

[root@kangvcar ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release //查看系统的版本

CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)

[root@kangvcar ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

–2022-06-20 06:43:08– http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

Resolving mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)… 112.124.140.210, 115.28.122.210

Connecting to mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|112.124.140.210|:80… connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK

Length: 2573 (2.5K) [APPlication/octet-stream]

Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo’

100%[=======================================================================================================>] 2,573 –.-K/s in 0s

2022-06-20 06:43:08 (118 MB/s) – ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo’ saved [2573/2573]4.清除缓存

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum clean all

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Cleaning repos: base extras updates

Cleaning up everything

Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum makecache //把yum源缓存到本地，加快软件的搜索好安装速度

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum list //总共列出了9954个包

三、把默认的CentOS yum源修改成国内的163源

163官方教程：http://mirrors.163.com/.help/centos.html

1.安装Centos后默认的yum源如下

[root@kangvcar ~]# mkdir /opt/centos-yum.bak

[root@kangvcar ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /opt/centos-yum.bak/3.下载163 yum源repo文件

#各系统版本repo文件对应的下载操作

CentOS 5

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS5-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS5-Base-163.repo

CentOS 6

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS6-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

CentOS 7

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

[root@kangvcar ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release //查看系统的版本

CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)

[root@kangvcar ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

–2022-06-20 06:29:47– http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

Resolving mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)… 123.58.173.185, 123.58.173.186

Connecting to mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)|123.58.173.185|:80… connected.

HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK

Length: 1572 (1.5K) [application/octet-stream]

Saving to: ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo’

100%[=======================================================================================================>] 1,572 –.-K/s in 0s

2022-06-20 06:29:47 (293 MB/s) – ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo’ saved [1572/1572]4.清除缓存

ps:当既有本地yum源又有163源的时候，我们在装软件包的时候当然希望先用本地的yum源去安装，本地找不到可用的包时再使用163源去安装软件,这里就涉及到了优先级的问题，yum提供的插件yum-plugin-priorities.noarch可以解决这个问题

1.查看系统是否安装了优先级的插件

[root@kangvcar ~]# rpm -qa | grep yum-plugin-

yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch

//这里看到没有安装yum-plugin-priorities.noarch这个插件

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum search yum-plugin-priorities

//用search查看是否有此插件可用

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base: mirrors.aliyun.com

* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com

* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com

====================================================== N/S matched: yum-plugin-priorities =======================================================

yum-plugin-priorities.noarch : plugin to give priorities to packages from different repos2.安装yum-plugin-priorities.noarch插件

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum -y install yum-plugin-priorities.noarch3.查看插件是否启用

[root@kangvcar ~]# cat /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/priorities.conf

[main]

enabled = 1

//1为启用；0为禁用4.修改本地yum源优先使用

[root@kangvcar ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/

total 8

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 2573 May 15 2022 CentOS-Base.repo

-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 67 Jun 20 06:04 local.repo

//有两个repo文件

[root@kangvcar ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

[local]

name=local

baseurl=file:///opt/centos

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

priority=1

//在原基础上加入priority=1 ；数字越小优先级越高

//可以继续修改其他源的priority值，经测试仅配置本地源的优先级为priority=1就会优先使用本地源了

5.测试

配置优先级前：(使用阿里云yum源)

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum -y install vim

Dependencies Resolved

=================================================================================================================================================

Package             Arch          Version                Repository          Size

=================================================================================================================================================

Installing:

vim-enhanced          x86_64          2:7.4.160-1.el7_3.1          updates          1.0 M

Updating for dependencies:

vim-common          x86_64          2:7.4.160-1.el7_3.1          updates          5.9 M

省略···

配置优先级后：(使用本地yum源)

[root@kangvcar ~]# yum -y install vim

Dependencies Resolved

=================================================================================================================================================

Package                Arch          Version             Repository       Size

=================================================================================================================================================

Installing:

vim-enhanced             x86_64          2:7.4.160-1.el7          local          1.0 M

Installing for dependencies:

gpm-libs                x86_64          1.20.7-5.el7             local          32 k

perl                   x86_64          4:5.16.3-286.el7          local          8.0 M

perl-Carp                noarch          1.26-244.el7             local          19 k

perl-Encode                x86_64          2.51-7.el7             local          1.5 M

perl-Exporter             noarch          5.68-3.el7             local          28 k

perl-File-Path             noarch          2.09-2.el7             local          26 k

perl-File-Temp             noarch          0.23.01-3.el7          local          56 k

省略···

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持共生网络。

原创文章，作者：starterknow，如若转载，请注明出处：https://www.starterknow.com/108117.html

CentOS配置本地yum源/阿里云yum源/163yuan源并配置yum源的优先级

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