Linux超详细gcc升级全过程

目录

前言1.当前gcc版本2.安装gcc3.gmp安装4.MPFR编译5.MPC编译6.GCC 配置7.GCC版本更新

前言

c c++ 等等 需要这个编译器gcc，最近有DBA的朋友咨询RHEL7.6操作系统安装Mysql数据库时需要 高版本的GCC，研究了下发现坑不少，总结本文分享给大家

1.当前gcc版本

[root@rhel76 ~]# gcc -v

Using built-in specs.

COLLECT_GCC=gcc

COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/lto-wrapper

Target: x86_64-redhat-linux

Configured with: ../configure –prefix=/usr –mandir=/usr/share/man –infodir=/usr/share/info –with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla –enable-bootstrap –enable-shared –enable-threads=posix –enable-checking=release –with-system-zlib –enable-__cxa_atexit –disable-libunwind-exceptions –enable-gnu-unique-object –enable-linker-build-id –with-linker-hash-style=gnu –enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto –enable-plugin –enable-initfini-array –disable-libgcj –with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20220702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install –with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20220702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install –enable-gnu-indirect-functiоn –with-tune=generic –with-arch_32=x86-64 –build=x86_64-redhat-linux

Thread model: posix

gcc version 4.8.5 20220623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36) (GCC)

从以上可以看出当前版本为4.8.5，本次我们升级到10.1.0

2.安装gcc

–下载地址：

https://mirrors.aliyun.com/gnu/gcc/gcc-10.1.0/

[root@rhel76 ~]# tar -vxf gcc-10.1.0.tar.gz

[root@rhel76 gcc-10.1.0]# mkdir build

[root@rhel76 gcc-10.1.0]# cd build/

[root@rhel76 build]# ../configure –prefix=/usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/ –enable-checking=release –enable-languages=c,c++ –disable-multilib

checking build system type… x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

checking host system type… x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

checking target system type… x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

checking for a BSD-compatible install… /usr/bin/install -c

checking whether ln works… yes

checking whether ln -s works… yes

checking for a sed that does not truncate output… /usr/bin/sed

checking for gawk… gawk

checking for libatomic support… yes

checking for libitm support… yes

checking for libsanitizer support… yes

checking for libvtv support… yes

checking for libhsail-rt support… yes

checking for libphobos support… yes

checking for gcc… gcc

checking whether the C compiler works… yes

checking for C compiler default output file name… a.out

checking for suffix of executables…

checking whether we are cross compiling… no

checking for suffix of object files… o

checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler… yes

checking whether gcc accepts -g… yes

checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89… none needed

checking for g++… g++

checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler… yes

checking whether g++ accepts -g… yes

checking whether g++ accepts -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc… no

checking for gnatbind… no

checking for gnatmake… no

checking whether compiler driver understands Ada… no

checking how to compare bootstrapped objects… cmp –ignore-initial=16 $$f1 $$f2

checking for objdir… .libs

checking for the correct version of gmp.h… no

configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 3.1.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+.

Try the –with-gmp, –with-mpfr and/or –with-mpc options to specify

their locations.  Source code for these libraries can be found at

their respective hosting sites as well as at

https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/.  See also

http://gcc.gnu.org/install/prerequisites.html for additional info.  If

you obtained GMP, MPFR and/or MPC from a vendor distribution package,

make sure that you have installed both the libraries and the header

files.  They may be located in separate packages.

从日志总可以看出有如下报错，故下面每个都安装

configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 3.1.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+.

3.gmp安装

[root@jeames007 ~]# tar -vxf gmp-5.0.1.tar.bz2

[root@jeames007 ~]# cd gmp-5.0.1/

[root@jeames007 gmp-5.0.1]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1

[root@jeames007 gmp-5.0.1]# make

[root@jeames007 gmp-5.0.1]# make install

make[4]: Leaving directory `/root/gmp-5.0.1′

make[3]: Leaving directory `/root/gmp-5.0.1′

make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/gmp-5.0.1′

make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/gmp-5.0.1′

4.MPFR编译

[root@jeames007 ~]# tar -vxf mpfr-3.1.5.tar.xz

[root@jeames007 ~]# cd mpfr-3.1.5/

[root@jeames007 ~]#./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5 –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1

[root@jeames007 mpfr-3.1.5]# make

[root@jeames007 mpfr-3.1.5]# make install

5.MPC编译

[root@jeames007 ~]# tar -vxf mpc-1.0.1.tar.gz

[root@jeames007 ~]# cd mpc-1.0.1

[root@jeames007 ~]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mpc-1.0.1 –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 –with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5

[root@jeames007 mpc-1.0.1]# make

[root@jeames007 mpc-1.0.1]# make install

6.GCC 配置

[root@rhel76 ~]# cd gcc-10.1.0

[root@rhel76 gcc-10.1.0]# cd build/

../configure –prefix=/usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/ –enable-checking=release –enable-languages=c,c++ –disable-multilib –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 –with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5 –with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc-1.0.1

checking build system type… x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

checking host system type… x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

checking target system type… x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

checking for a BSD-compatible install… /usr/bin/install -c

checking whether ln works… yes

checking whether ln -s works… yes

checking for a sed that does not truncate output… /usr/bin/sed

checking for gawk… gawk

checking for libatomic support… yes

checking for libitm support… yes

checking for libsanitizer support… yes

checking for libvtv support… yes

checking for libhsail-rt support… yes

checking for libphobos support… yes

checking for gcc… gcc

checking whether the C compiler works… yes

checking for C compiler default output file name… a.out

checking for suffix of executables…

checking whether we are cross compiling… no

checking for suffix of object files… o

checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler… yes

checking whether gcc accepts -g… yes

checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89… none needed

checking for g++… g++

checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler… yes

checking whether g++ accepts -g… yes

checking whether g++ accepts -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc… no

checking for gnatbind… no

checking for gnatmake… no

checking whether compiler driver understands Ada… no

checking how to compare bootstrapped objects… cmp –ignore-initial=16 $$f1 $$f2

checking for objdir… .libs

checking for the correct version of gmp.h… yes

checking for the correct version of mpfr.h… buggy but acceptable

checking for the correct version of mpc.h… yes

checking for the correct version of the gmp/mpfr/mpc libraries… yes

checking for isl 0.15 or later… no

required isl version is 0.15 or later

*** This configuration is not supported in the following subdirectories:

     gnattools gotools target-libada target-libhsail-rt target-libphobos target-zlib target-libbacktrace target-libgfortran target-libgo target-libffi target-libobjc target-liboffloadmic

    (Any other directories should still work fine.)

checking for default BUILD_CONFIG… bootstrap-debug

checking for –enable-vtable-verify… no

checking for bison… bison -y

checking for bison… bison

checking for gm4… no

checking for gnum4… no

checking for m4… m4

checking for flex… flex

checking for flex… flex

checking for makeinfo… no

/root/gcc-10.1.0/missing: line 81: makeinfo: command not found

checking for expect… no

checking for runtest… no

checking for ar… ar

checking for as… as

checking for dlltool… no

checking for ld… ld

checking for lipo… no

checking for nm… nm

checking for ranlib… ranlib

checking for strip… strip

checking for windres… no

checking for windmc… no

checking for objcopy… objcopy

checking for objdump… objdump

checking for otool… no

checking for readelf… readelf

checking for cc… cc

checking for c++… c++

checking for gcc… gcc

checking for gfortran… gfortran

checking for gccgo… no

checking for gdc… no

checking for ar… no

checking for ar… ar

checking for as… no

checking for as… as

checking for dlltool… no

checking for dlltool… no

checking for ld… no

checking for ld… ld

checking for lipo… no

checking for lipo… no

checking for nm… no

checking for nm… nm

checking for objcopy… no

checking for objcopy… objcopy

checking for objdump… no

checking for objdump… objdump

checking for otool… no

checking for otool… no

checking for ranlib… no

checking for ranlib… ranlib

checking for readelf… no

checking for readelf… readelf

checking for strip… no

checking for strip… strip

checking for windres… no

checking for windres… no

checking for windmc… no

checking for windmc… no

checking where to find the target ar… host tool

checking where to find the target as… host tool

checking where to find the target cc… just compiled

checking where to find the target c++… just compiled

checking where to find the target c++ for libstdc++… just compiled

checking where to find the target dlltool… host tool

checking where to find the target gcc… just compiled

checking where to find the target gfortran… host tool

checking where to find the target gccgo… host tool

checking where to find the target gdc… host tool

checking where to find the target ld… host tool

checking where to find the target lipo… host tool

checking where to find the target nm… host tool

checking where to find the target objcopy… host tool

checking where to find the target objdump… host tool

checking where to find the target otool… host tool

checking where to find the target ranlib… host tool

checking where to find the target readelf… host tool

checking where to find the target strip… host tool

checking where to find the target windres… host tool

checking where to find the target windmc… host tool

checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles… no

configure: creating ./config.status

config.status: creating Makefile

[root@jeames007 ~]# make -j4

make 时间很长，很长，耐心等待，本人编译了1个小时。所以有条件的话，在编译时，可以使用make -j8

[root@jeames007 build]# make install

此时GCC版本还未更新下，需要以下的操作

7.GCC版本更新

mv /usr/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc485

mv /usr/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++485

mv /usr/bin/c++ /usr/bin/c++485

mv /usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc485

ln -s /usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc

ln -s /usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++

ln -s /usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/bin/c++ /usr/bin/c++

ln -s /usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/bin/gcc /usr/bin/cc

mv /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.bak

ln -s /usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.28 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6

脚本执行成功之后就可以查看当前使用的gcc版本了  查看的命令：gcc -v

[root@jeames007 ~]# gcc -v

Using built-in specs.

COLLECT_GCC=gcc

COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/10.1.0/lto-wrapper

Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

Configured with: ../configure –prefix=/usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/ –enable-checking=release –enable-languages=c,c++ –disable-multilib –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 –with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5 –with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc-1.0.1

Thread model: posix

Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib

gcc version 10.1.0 (GCC)

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